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From: rpw3@fortune.UUCP
Newsgroups: net.physics
Subject: Re: Ice I, Ice II, etc.  request for a r - (nf)
Message-ID: <2240@fortune.UUCP>
Date: Wed, 11-Jan-84 11:05:55 EST
Article-I.D.: fortune.2240
Posted: Wed Jan 11 11:05:55 1984
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#R:mhuxm:-117400:fortune:8600007:000:1566
fortune!rpw3    Jan 11 05:57:00 1984

Please excuse the ancient reference, it was just the closest book I
could pull off a mechanical engineer's desk. Any good thermo text
should do equally well.

	"Thermodynamics", John Francis Lee & Francis Weston Sears,
	Addison-Wesley (1955) <<Library of Congress # 55-5030>>
	(Second printing July 1956)

On pp.35ff, section 2-5 "p-vpT surfaces for real substances" the phase
diagrams (pressure-volume-Temperature vs. state) are given for typical
substances that contract on freezing (such as carbon dioxide) and those
that expand on freezing (such as water). Since there are four variables
to be shown in two dimensions, the diagrams tend to be perspective
drawings of a cutaway view of a solid that's been sliced weird. Still,
you can see what's going on. Fig 2-11 (page 39) shows the p-v-T "surface"
for water/ice, showing at least seven different forms of ice (from Ice I
to Ice VII, naturally) which can occur under various (mostly high) pressures.
The fun part is the broad ranges where multiple states can exist at the same
time, such as water/ice-VII (80-100 degrees C @ 22-24,000 atmospheres)
or ice-V/ice-VI (-40-0 C at about 6000 atm). Liquid doesn't seem to exist
under any conditions below about -23 C, so if (as I claimed in "ice skates")
skates work by compression-melting, they do it above -20 C.

I have not been able to find Kurt Vonnegut's Ice-IX except in "Cat's Cradle" :-)

Rob Warnock

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