Relay-Version: version B 2.10 5/3/83; site utzoo.UUCP Posting-Version: version B 2.10.3 alpha 4/15/85; site ucbvax.ARPA Path: utzoo!watmath!clyde!burl!ulysses!mhuxr!mhuxt!houxm!ihnp4!ucbvax!LAWS From: LAWS@SRI-AI.ARPA Newsgroups: net.ai Subject: AIList Digest V3 #66 Message-ID: <7274@ucbvax.ARPA> Date: Sat, 18-May-85 19:06:00 EDT Article-I.D.: ucbvax.7274 Posted: Sat May 18 19:06:00 1985 Date-Received: Sun, 19-May-85 06:19:44 EDT Sender: daemon@ucbvax.ARPA Organization: University of California at Berkeley Lines: 317 From: AIList Moderator Kenneth Laws AIList Digest Sunday, 19 May 1985 Volume 3 : Issue 66 Today's Topics: Query - Exploring Language with Logo, Binding - Mark Grover, Tools - STATECHARTS Reference & Lisp Machines & TI's Explorer, Opinion - Introspection and Communication & Emotional Reasoning, Journal - AI in Engineering ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 18 May 85 14:48 EDT From: Bill Caswell Subject: Exploring Language with Logo Last November, a seminar on material from a forthcoming book, "Exploring Language with Logo", by Paul Goldenberg and Wallace Feurzeig, was announced in this list. The book was to be published 'first quarter, 1985' by Harper and Row, and I have not seen anything about it since. Has it been published, or is it otherwise available? Bill ------------------------------ Date: 15 May 1985 1951-EDT (Wednesday) From: trwatf!maverick@seismo.ARPA (Mark D. Grover) Subject: Binding - Mark Grover Binding: Mark D. Grover Formerly: TRW Defense Systems Group (Advanced Technology Facility) Fairfax, Virginia [trwatf!maverick@SEISMO] Beginning 5/24/85: Advanced Information & Decision Systems Washington technical office [Arlington, Virginia] New ARPAnet address: GROVER@AIDS-UNIX ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 16 May 85 18:43:10 edt From: Walter Hamscher Subject: STATECHARTS reference Here's the reference: Harel, D. Statecharts: A Visual Approach to Complex Systems CS84-05, Department of Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. 1984. 35pp. Harel's developed a nice notation for complex finite-state machines by making use of hierarchic states, allowing both XOR-decomposition of a state (i.e. the system's in one & only one of the substates) and AND-decomposition (i.e. the system's in a state defined by the cross product of the substates). By defining some other conventions about transition arcs, the result is surprisingly compact and expressive. However, his discussion of adding actions to arcs and states seemed a bit less elegant. Worth a look. Incidentally, Harel's netadress is harel%wisdom@WISCVM.ARPA ... ------------------------------ Date: 17 May 85 08:27 PDT From: Masinter.pa@Xerox.ARPA Subject: Lisp Machines In reply to curtis L. Goodhart You don't need any specific kind of machine to run lisp. There are lisp implementations for lots of machines. Some of them can be quite fast. Specialized instruction sets for Lisp allow you to get performance without declarations, to retain full information for symbolic debugging, better garbage collection performance, and the ability to retain run-time type-checking even in performance critical loops. Memory utilization is generally much better; for example, the last time I measured, Interlisp-D programs took less than half the bytes to represent than the same programs on a VAX, and CDR-coding allowed the average size for a CONS cell to be 36 bits rather than 64. Lisp machines can afford to use compact data structures because the instruction set can be designed to deal with them; "conventional" instruction sets generally cannot be skewed to make otherwise obscure manipulations (fetch bits 4-5 and branch if 0) into single operations. All of the lisp machines on the market come with software as well as hardware. Dedicated machines allow the implementation of integrated environments and high performance graphical interfaces which are generally unavailable on conventional computers. The software enviornment can be major portion of the "value added" of the system; the proportion is likely to continue as hardware costs drop. What is true of larger machines today will be true of smaller ones in the future; while prices of all computer components drop, so do the prices that people expect to pay for them. The earliest reference I've found is Peter Deutsch's paper, "A Lisp machine with very compact programs," IJCAI 1973. "Programming environments" are quite popular these days, with whole conferences devoted to them, although most of the papers spend their time extolling individual environments rather than the notion of them. There are other justifications more recent found in the marketing literature of various vendors, written to make sure that its clear that each is the best. ------------------------------ Date: Sat 18 May 85 12:17:18-CDT From: Werner Uhrig Subject: TI's Explorer won Industrial Design Awards [ from the Austin American Statesman - May 18 ] TEXAS INSTRUMENTS' AUSTIN-developed EXPLORER artificial intelligence workstation has received one of 23 Industrial Design Awards given by ID Magazine. More than 800 entries were judged on innovation, problem-solving, aesthetics, materials and use of the products. The computer also won a design award in a competition at the Hannover Trade Fair in West Germany. ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 14 May 85 9:28:33 EDT From: Bruce Nevin Subject: indignation and clarity From: _Bob (the Midnight Theorizer) I have some doubts about that part of AI which asserts the validity of scientific inquiry that gathers "data" by introspection. But I have even greater doubts about moral indignation as a criterion for rejection of hypotheses (or of humor, for that matter). Chomsky has argued that introspective data are necessary for a science of language. His followers and apostates have demonstrated how hazardous they can be. His teacher, Zellig Harris, has shown that appeals to introspective data can be well defined and few with no loss to linguistic science. As to moral indignation, it is possible to read this message and wonder whether it is allowed any legitimacy, and to ask under what circumstances the writer would find moral indignation appropriate. I believe this would be a misreading of the message, but nonetheless a possible reading. Ambiguity is ineluctable. I believe we have to anticipate, insofar as is possible, the ways in which we may be misconstrued, and make our communications clear IN TERMS APPROPRIATE TO THE MISCONSTRUING AUDIENCE. To insist that the burden of rightly understanding rests alone on those who have misunderstood is practically to guarantee a failure of communication. There is another well-known mechanism in which a social level of communication is incongruent with a psychological level. A simple example is the stereotype that has been made of Bateson's work on the double bind (Mother says `I love you, come here' while appearing fearful and angry, or in a context that punishes the child). The communication that is not consciously acceptable to the sender is kept out of the sender's awareness. The receiver must choose which message to believe and act on consciously, and believes and acts on the other message unconsciously. Most miscommunication, it has been argued, occurs when people make different choices about which parts of the complex message are socially acceptable and which are not. And people often vigorously resist recognizing the beliefs and disbeliefs that they have been communicating and otherwise acting on out of conscious awareness. The `talking past each other' that we have just seen on this list concerning rape and humor has this character. By the way, I recommend Milton Rokeach, The Open and Closed Mind, for a perspective on belief-disbelief systems that would be useful for modelling human `knowledge bases'. Bruce Nevin (bn@bbncch.arpa) ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 17 May 85 04:52:50 est From: "Marek W. Lugowski" Subject: Emotion & AI and its discussion on the AIList The discussion of emotion in the context of AI can be of benefit to us all. For too long, AI has equated thinking with "reasoning", where reasoning is a something, and entirely apart from a something else called "passion". This dichotomy is Plato's, and likely an AI liability, given the affective basis for one's actions and one's interpretation of actions. Judgement as such crucially depends on emotional state, as psychiatrists well know. Judgment is what yesterday's Shakey the Robot lacked, and what today's naive physics is ostentatiously after. Alas, nothing's changed: Each confines itself to the rigid minuet of "reasoning" devoid of emotional context. Incidentally, the AIList-Digest's discussion of emotion has been stirring up ideas in the classical vein of emotional muckraking, not so much dispassionate analysis. What's needed is computational ideas on how to model emotions: to start with, in a "toy" domain. And don't assume that they are if-then rules! -- Marek Lugowski marek@indiana.csnet Indiana U. CS Department Bloomington 47405 ------------------------------ Date: Monday, 13 May 1985 23:34:24 EDT From: Duvvuru.Sriram@cmu-ri-cive.arpa Subject: New Journal - AI in Engineering A new journal on the applications of AI in Engineering will be launched at the First Conference on Applications of AI in Engineering next April. Details of the journal are provided below. The deadline for sending papers for the first issue is November 15, 1985. International Journal for ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ENGINEERING Editors: D. Sriram Dr. K. J. MacCallum Dept. Civil Engineering Dept. of Ship & Marine Tech. Carnegie-Mellon University Marine Technology Centre Pittsburgh, PA 15213 100 Montrose Street, Glasgow USA Scotland Recent advances in the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) are begining to make a major impact in the world of engineering. As a consequence, important opportunities for using computers to tackle engineering problems in new ways are opening up. The engineering industry must keep itself fully informed of these developments and contribute to them, if it is to realize the potential of these advances. The aim of this journal is to establish a forum for a fruitful exchange of ideas through the publication of up-to-date research results and recent developments. While the range of AI topics covered by the journal is broadly based, the emphasis will be on research and development leading to problem solving. The journal should appeal to engineers for all disciplines who are involved in research, development or implementation of computer systems. Members of the journal's leading international Editorial Board will be responsible for the review of all papers submitted for publication to ensure that readers receive a consistently high quality of work in each issue. >From time to time review papers will be published to provide state-of-the-art analyses of various areas of current interest. In addition the journal will provide a review of books and reports in this expanding field as well as news letters, and a dairy of events of conferences, courses and meetings in AI. FIELDS COVERED - Expert systems - Knowledge representation - Knowledge-based simulation - Computer aided design - Design modelling - Cognitive modelling of engineering problems - Learning - Computer based training - Intelligent tutors - Robotics - Planning and scheduling - Constraint management - Natural language applications - Database interfaces - Graphical interfaces - Computer integrated manufacturing REGULAR FEATURES - Discussion of published papers - Conference and meeting reports - Personalia - Letters - Book reviews - Current literature - Calendar of events - News POLICY AND CALL FOR PAPERS The editorial policy encourages the publication of research articles on recent advances in AI in engineering. State-of-the-art papers will also be included from time to time. Details on presentation of papers for consideration of publication can be obtained from the editors. SUBSCRIPTION This journal will keep you abreast with the major research and development work around the world in AI applied to engineering problems. The editors and their international Editorial Board are well placed to keep you informed in these rapidly developing field. For more details contact: Lance Sucharov Publishing Director CML Publications Ashurst Lodge Ashurst Hants SO4 2AA England For a author's tookit (in US), write to D. Sriram or send mail to sriram@cmu-ri-cive.arpa. [The subscription price has not yet been determined. -- KIL] ------------------------------ End of AIList Digest ********************