Relay-Version: version B 2.10 5/3/83; site utzoo.UUCP Posting-Version: version B 2.10.1 6/24/83; site ubc-vision.UUCP Path: utzoo!utcsri!ubc-vision!majka From: majka@ubc-vision.UUCP (Marc Majka) Newsgroups: net.sources Subject: Super Plot (7 of 8) Message-ID: <124@ubc-vision.UUCP> Date: Sun, 27-Apr-86 19:22:13 EDT Article-I.D.: ubc-visi.124 Posted: Sun Apr 27 19:22:13 1986 Date-Received: Mon, 28-Apr-86 04:11:30 EDT Organization: UBC Computational Vision Lab, Vancouver, B.C., Canada Lines: 1151 - - - CUT - - - CUT - - - CUT - - - CUT - - - CUT - - - CUT - - - CUT - - - #!/bin/sh # # shell archive - extract with /bin/sh # echo Plot archive part 7 of 8 echo echo installing directory test echo mkdir test cd test # echo extracting file README sed 's/^X//' > README <<'!FUNKY!STUFF!' XThis directory contains a few sample plot files. They are all in text Xformat. To convert them to real plot file format, run them through txpl. XSince txpl is fast, I usually leave plot files in text format and pipe Xthe text forms through when I want to plot them. For example: X X% txpl fubar | rplot -r 256 -c 256 > fu.r X XNot all the fonts called for by these plot files exist! You will have to Xfool around with the Hershey fonts and drag them out. See the README file Xin ../vfont. X XThe files are: X Xafrica Outline of african continent Xfc.roman Roman fonts Xfubar Wall plate Xgraph1 A scatterplot Xgraph2 An X-Y line plot Xhappy Example fill pattern Xspline b-spline Africa outline Xtestp Test pattern: A bit of everything Xyinyang Yin-Yang symbol in red and white !FUNKY!STUFF! echo extracting file africa sed 's/^X//' > africa <<'!FUNKY!STUFF!' Xspace 0 0 115 116 0 Xbppin 8 Xgray 255 Xchain 238 X 51 19 X 52 16 X 52 14 X 51 13 X 50 12 X 49 11 X 49 9 X 48 8 X 46 6 X 44 5 X 43 4 X 41 2 X 39 0 X 37 1 X 36 0 X 35 1 X 34 2 X 32 2 X 31 3 X 29 3 X 28 2 X 26 3 X 24 2 X 23 3 X 21 5 X 20 7 X 18 8 X 16 9 X 15 10 X 14 12 X 14 14 X 13 15 X 13 16 X 12 17 X 11 17 X 9 17 X 8 18 X 6 19 X 5 20 X 5 22 X 4 23 X 3 24 X 2 25 X 3 26 X 3 28 X 3 29 X 3 30 X 3 32 X 2 33 X 2 34 X 1 35 X 1 37 X 1 39 X 0 41 X 1 42 X 0 43 X 0 45 X 1 46 X 0 48 X 1 49 X 3 50 X 4 49 X 5 48 X 7 49 X 7 51 X 7 53 X 7 55 X 8 56 X 9 57 X 10 58 X 10 60 X 11 61 X 10 63 X 8 62 X 7 63 X 7 66 X 8 67 X 8 69 X 8 70 X 9 71 X 9 73 X 10 74 X 10 76 X 10 78 X 9 80 X 10 82 X 12 82 X 14 83 X 15 84 X 16 85 X 18 85 X 18 86 X 20 87 X 22 88 X 23 90 X 24 91 X 26 91 X 28 92 X 30 92 X 31 94 X 32 95 X 34 95 X 35 97 X 36 98 X 37 99 X 38 100 X 39 101 X 40 103 X 41 102 X 42 103 X 43 104 X 42 106 X 42 108 X 41 110 X 41 112 X 40 114 X 41 116 X 43 116 X 44 115 X 46 115 X 47 114 X 48 113 X 50 113 X 51 112 X 52 111 X 53 110 X 54 109 X 56 107 X 57 105 X 58 104 X 59 102 X 61 102 X 61 100 X 62 100 X 63 99 X 64 98 X 65 98 X 66 96 X 68 95 X 70 95 X 71 96 X 73 96 X 75 96 X 77 98 X 78 97 X 80 98 X 81 97 X 83 97 X 84 98 X 85 97 X 86 95 X 87 94 X 88 93 X 88 91 X 90 91 X 90 89 X 91 88 X 93 87 X 94 88 X 96 88 X 98 87 X 100 87 X 100 85 X 100 83 X 102 83 X 103 82 X 105 82 X 107 80 X 108 79 X 109 78 X 111 77 X 111 75 X 112 74 X 113 73 X 114 72 X 114 70 X 114 68 X 114 66 X 114 64 X 115 63 X 114 62 X 114 60 X 112 60 X 110 60 X 109 59 X 108 58 X 106 58 X 105 57 X 104 56 X 102 54 X 101 54 X 99 54 X 97 54 X 95 54 X 94 53 X 93 52 X 91 51 X 90 50 X 89 49 X 87 49 X 85 49 X 83 50 X 81 50 X 80 51 X 79 52 X 77 52 X 75 52 X 74 51 X 73 51 X 71 51 X 69 50 X 67 50 X 66 48 X 65 47 X 64 46 X 62 45 X 61 43 X 60 44 X 59 45 X 57 45 X 55 45 X 54 46 X 53 45 X 52 43 X 52 41 X 53 40 X 52 38 X 50 37 X 49 36 X 49 34 X 49 32 X 49 30 X 50 28 X 51 27 X 51 25 X 51 23 X 51 21 X 51 19 !FUNKY!STUFF! echo extracting file fc.roman sed 's/^X//' > fc.roman <<'!FUNKY!STUFF!' Xspace 0 0 1859 1859 0 Xfspec 1.0 1.0 1.5707963267 Xmove 0 0 Xcont 1859 0 Xcont 1859 1859 Xcont 0 1859 Xcont 0 0 Xline 0 929 1859 929 Xline 929 0 929 1859 X Xspace -9 -9 609 609 0 Xfont sr Xmove 0 0 Xlabel Simplex Roman Xmove 55 0 Xlabel !"#$%&^|()[]`'@ Xmove 90 0 Xlabel <>{}*+-=.,:;?/ Xmove 125 0 Xlabel 0123456789\~ Xmove 160 0 Xlabel ABCDEFGHIJKLM Xmove 195 0 Xlabel NOPQRSTUVWXYZ Xmove 230 0 Xlabel abcdefghijklm Xmove 265 0 Xlabel nopqrstuvwxyz X Xspace -9 -319 609 299 0 Xfont dr Xmove 0 0 Xlabel Duplex Roman Xmove 55 0 Xlabel !"#$%&^|()[]`'@ Xmove 90 0 Xlabel <>{}*+-=.,:;?/ Xmove 125 0 Xlabel 0123456789\~ Xmove 160 0 Xlabel ABCDEFGHIJKLM Xmove 195 0 Xlabel NOPQRSTUVWXYZ Xmove 230 0 Xlabel abcdefghijklm Xmove 265 0 Xlabel nopqrstuvwxyz X Xspace -319 -9 299 609 0 Xfont cr Xmove 0 0 Xlabel Complex Roman Xmove 55 0 Xlabel !"#$%&^|()[]`'@ Xmove 90 0 Xlabel <>{}*+-=.,:;?/ Xmove 125 0 Xlabel 0123456789\~ Xmove 160 0 Xlabel ABCDEFGHIJKLM Xmove 195 0 Xlabel NOPQRSTUVWXYZ Xmove 230 0 Xlabel abcdefghijklm Xmove 265 0 Xlabel nopqrstuvwxyz X Xspace -319 -319 299 299 0 Xfont tr Xmove 0 0 Xlabel Triplex Roman Xmove 55 0 Xlabel !"#$%&^|()[]`'@ Xmove 90 0 Xlabel <>{}*+-=.,:;?/ Xmove 125 0 Xlabel 0123456789\~ Xmove 160 0 Xlabel ABCDEFGHIJKLM Xmove 195 0 Xlabel NOPQRSTUVWXYZ Xmove 230 0 Xlabel abcdefghijklm Xmove 265 0 Xlabel nopqrstuvwxyz !FUNKY!STUFF! echo extracting file fubar sed 's/^X//' > fubar <<'!FUNKY!STUFF!' Xspace 0 0 199 199 0 Xcolour 0 255 0 Xmove 0 0 Xcont 0 199 Xcont 199 199 Xcont 199 0 Xcont 0 0 Xmove 2 2 Xcont 2 197 Xcont 197 197 Xcont 197 2 Xcont 2 2 Xmove 4 4 Xcont 4 195 Xcont 195 195 Xcont 195 4 Xcont 4 4 Xcolour 255 0 255 Xspace 0 0 105 215 0 Xmove 10 10 Xfont ge Xfspec 2.2 1.5 1.5707963 Xlabel Es Xmoverel 0 25 Xlabel ist Xmove 50 10 Xfspec 2.1 2.0 1.5707963 Xlabel Fubar !FUNKY!STUFF! echo extracting file graph1 sed 's/^X//' > graph1 <<'!FUNKY!STUFF!' Xspace -200 1100 1100 -200 1 Xbppin 8 Xgray 255 Xfont sr Xline 0 0 1000 0 Xline 0 0 0 1000 Xfspec 3.000000 3.000000 0.000000 Xmove 250 -135 Xlabel Chroma X Xfspec 3.000000 3.000000 1.570796 Xmove -195 250 Xlabel Chroma Y Xfspec 1.000000 1.000000 1.570796 Xline -30 0 0 0 Xmove -80 -28 Xlabel 0.15 Xline -30 399 0 399 Xmove -80 371 Xlabel 0.25 Xline -30 799 0 799 Xmove -80 771 Xlabel 0.35 Xline -10 0 0 0 Xline -10 39 0 39 Xline -10 79 0 79 Xline -10 119 0 119 Xline -10 159 0 159 Xline -10 199 0 199 Xline -10 239 0 239 Xline -10 279 0 279 Xline -10 319 0 319 Xline -10 359 0 359 Xline -10 399 0 399 Xline -10 439 0 439 Xline -10 479 0 479 Xline -10 519 0 519 Xline -10 559 0 559 Xline -10 599 0 599 Xline -10 639 0 639 Xline -10 680 0 680 Xline -10 720 0 720 Xline -10 760 0 760 Xline -10 800 0 800 Xline -10 840 0 840 Xline -10 880 0 880 Xline -10 920 0 920 Xline -10 960 0 960 Xfspec 1.000000 1.000000 0.000000 Xline 0 -30 0 0 Xmove -28 -50 Xlabel 0.50 Xline 400 -30 400 0 Xmove 372 -50 Xlabel 0.60 Xline 800 -30 800 0 Xmove 772 -50 Xlabel 0.70 Xline 0 -10 0 0 Xline 39 -10 39 0 Xline 79 -10 79 0 Xline 119 -10 119 0 Xline 159 -10 159 0 Xline 199 -10 199 0 Xline 239 -10 239 0 Xline 279 -10 279 0 Xline 319 -10 319 0 Xline 359 -10 359 0 Xline 399 -10 399 0 Xline 439 -10 439 0 Xline 479 -10 479 0 Xline 519 -10 519 0 Xline 559 -10 559 0 Xline 599 -10 599 0 Xline 639 -10 639 0 Xline 679 -10 679 0 Xline 719 -10 719 0 Xline 759 -10 759 0 Xline 799 -10 799 0 Xline 839 -10 839 0 Xline 879 -10 879 0 Xline 919 -10 919 0 Xline 959 -10 959 0 Xline 999 -10 999 0 Xpoint 698 279 Xpoint 807 218 Xpoint 666 294 Xpoint 683 274 Xpoint 686 288 Xpoint 758 251 Xpoint 731 246 Xpoint 824 231 Xpoint 676 270 Xpoint 795 226 Xpoint 222 531 Xpoint 218 576 Xpoint 812 239 Xpoint 729 255 Xpoint 797 267 Xpoint 811 231 Xpoint 757 277 Xpoint 694 270 Xpoint 787 248 Xpoint 741 246 Xpoint 792 253 Xpoint 796 258 Xpoint 804 245 Xpoint 710 259 Xpoint 799 239 Xpoint 699 309 Xpoint 659 348 Xpoint 757 269 Xpoint 780 261 Xpoint 691 275 Xpoint 715 277 Xpoint 772 282 Xpoint 774 257 Xpoint 766 284 Xpoint 753 256 Xpoint 745 266 Xpoint 730 322 Xpoint 755 306 Xpoint 765 248 Xpoint 763 265 Xpoint 725 331 Xpoint 744 326 Xpoint 693 353 Xpoint 720 341 Xpoint 715 339 Xpoint 735 324 Xpoint 762 274 Xpoint 505 361 Xpoint 725 319 Xpoint 768 269 Xpoint 762 281 Xpoint 756 292 Xpoint 739 310 Xpoint 739 324 Xpoint 690 363 Xpoint 695 365 Xpoint 733 334 Xpoint 701 366 Xpoint 710 348 Xpoint 769 261 Xpoint 716 350 Xpoint 762 255 Xpoint 475 350 Xpoint 659 293 Xpoint 772 226 Xpoint 776 248 Xpoint 804 214 Xpoint 719 272 Xpoint 740 248 Xpoint 785 257 Xpoint 767 278 Xpoint 778 244 Xpoint 794 233 Xpoint 819 204 Xpoint 673 298 Xpoint 442 361 Xpoint 778 270 Xpoint 757 269 Xpoint 748 254 Xpoint 772 273 Xpoint 380 421 Xpoint 779 233 Xpoint 438 413 Xpoint 777 277 Xpoint 440 392 Xpoint 750 244 Xpoint 410 401 Xpoint 440 392 Xpoint 673 268 Xpoint 470 403 Xpoint 735 254 Xpoint 407 433 Xpoint 737 244 Xpoint 707 264 Xpoint 723 254 Xpoint 771 240 Xpoint 757 250 Xpoint 742 260 Xpoint 630 331 Xpoint 770 250 Xpoint 637 334 Xpoint 785 240 Xpoint 678 337 Xpoint 681 358 Xpoint 639 394 Xpoint 794 223 Xpoint 799 230 Xpoint 814 229 Xpoint 808 213 Xpoint 843 209 Xpoint 829 219 Xpoint 833 226 Xpoint 840 201 Xpoint 827 211 Xpoint 804 236 Xpoint 772 231 Xpoint 677 267 Xpoint 751 255 Xpoint 809 242 Xpoint 298 549 Xpoint 229 559 Xpoint 250 570 Xpoint 671 280 Xpoint 813 220 Xpoint 719 278 Xpoint 683 339 Xpoint 706 332 Xpoint 653 384 Xpoint 669 390 Xpoint 680 367 Xpoint 225 545 Xpoint 674 379 Xpoint 752 246 Xpoint 244 542 Xpoint 694 357 Xpoint 847 216 Xpoint 618 303 Xpoint 774 276 Xpoint 218 516 Xpoint 726 264 Xpoint 248 497 Xpoint 824 242 Xpoint 664 279 Xpoint 763 256 Xpoint 739 255 Xpoint 795 243 Xpoint 702 273 Xpoint 816 219 Xpoint 777 237 Xpoint 764 246 Xpoint 770 252 Xpoint 666 292 Xpoint 757 261 Xpoint 651 287 Xpoint 746 241 Xpoint 633 308 Xpoint 599 309 Xpoint 631 294 Xpoint 653 301 Xpoint 601 323 Xpoint 658 288 Xpoint 627 306 Xpoint 644 286 Xpoint 725 259 Xpoint 639 298 Xpoint 729 273 Xpoint 671 283 Xpoint 783 234 Xpoint 716 275 Xpoint 704 267 Xpoint 699 295 Xpoint 697 263 Xpoint 741 264 Xpoint 747 251 Xpoint 728 251 Xpoint 173 752 Xpoint 170 746 Xpoint 161 757 Xpoint 168 743 !FUNKY!STUFF! echo extracting file graph2 sed 's/^X//' > graph2 <<'!FUNKY!STUFF!' Xspace 0 32 256 0 1 Xfspec 1.000000 1.000000 0.000000 Xline 0 0 0 28 Xline 0 0 256 0 Xchain 128 X 0 7 X 2 0 X 4 0 X 6 0 X 8 0 X 10 0 X 12 0 X 14 0 X 16 0 X 18 0 X 20 0 X 22 0 X 24 0 X 26 1 X 28 2 X 30 3 X 32 4 X 34 4 X 36 4 X 38 4 X 40 4 X 42 4 X 44 3 X 46 4 X 48 4 X 50 4 X 52 4 X 54 4 X 56 4 X 58 4 X 60 4 X 62 4 X 64 5 X 66 4 X 68 5 X 70 6 X 72 6 X 74 6 X 76 7 X 78 9 X 80 13 X 82 13 X 84 15 X 86 19 X 88 24 X 90 26 X 92 28 X 94 25 X 96 20 X 98 16 X 100 13 X 102 13 X 104 16 X 106 18 X 108 16 X 110 13 X 112 13 X 114 11 X 116 9 X 118 9 X 120 9 X 122 12 X 124 13 X 126 16 X 128 12 X 130 12 X 132 11 X 134 11 X 136 12 X 138 15 X 140 20 X 142 21 X 144 18 X 146 17 X 148 18 X 150 17 X 152 15 X 154 13 X 156 14 X 158 15 X 160 15 X 162 15 X 164 14 X 166 14 X 168 12 X 170 11 X 172 9 X 174 8 X 176 7 X 178 5 X 180 5 X 182 5 X 184 5 X 186 4 X 188 4 X 190 4 X 192 4 X 194 4 X 196 4 X 198 4 X 200 3 X 202 3 X 204 3 X 206 3 X 208 3 X 210 3 X 212 3 X 214 2 X 216 3 X 218 2 X 220 2 X 222 2 X 224 2 X 226 1 X 228 2 X 230 1 X 232 1 X 234 1 X 236 1 X 238 1 X 240 1 X 242 1 X 244 1 X 246 1 X 248 0 X 250 0 X 252 0 X 254 0 !FUNKY!STUFF! echo extracting file happy sed 's/^X//' > happy <<'!FUNKY!STUFF!' Xspace 0 0 115 116 0 Xgray 255 Xfillpat 1 32 32 X............1111111............. X.........1111111111111.......... X.......11111.......11111........ X......111.............111....... X.....111...............111...... X....11...................11..... X...11.....................11.... X..111.....................111... X..11.......................11... X.11.........................11.. X.11......111.......111......11.. X.11......111.......111......11.. X11.......111.......111.......11. X11...........................11. X11...........................11. X11...........................11. X11...........................11. X11...........................11. X11...........................11. X.11......11.........11......11.. X.11......11.........11......11.. X.11......111.......111......11.. X..11......111.....111......11... X..111......111111111......111... X...11.......1111111.......11.... X....11...................11..... X.....111...............111...... X......111.............111....... X.......11111.......11111........ X.........1111111111111.......... X............1111111............. X................................ Xsetpat 1 Xpolygon 60 X 51 19 X 50 12 X 46 6 X 39 0 X 34 2 X 28 2 X 21 5 X 15 10 X 13 16 X 8 18 X 4 23 X 3 28 X 2 33 X 1 39 X 0 45 X 3 50 X 7 51 X 9 57 X 10 63 X 8 67 X 9 73 X 9 80 X 15 84 X 20 87 X 26 91 X 32 95 X 37 99 X 41 102 X 42 108 X 41 116 X 47 114 X 52 111 X 57 105 X 61 100 X 65 98 X 71 96 X 78 97 X 84 98 X 88 93 X 91 88 X 98 87 X 102 83 X 108 79 X 112 74 X 114 68 X 114 62 X 109 59 X 104 56 X 97 54 X 91 51 X 85 49 X 79 52 X 73 51 X 66 48 X 61 43 X 52 41 X 49 36 X 50 28 X 51 21 X 51 19 Xchain 60 X 51 19 X 50 12 X 46 6 X 39 0 X 34 2 X 28 2 X 21 5 X 15 10 X 13 16 X 8 18 X 4 23 X 3 28 X 2 33 X 1 39 X 0 45 X 3 50 X 7 51 X 9 57 X 10 63 X 8 67 X 9 73 X 9 80 X 15 84 X 20 87 X 26 91 X 32 95 X 37 99 X 41 102 X 42 108 X 41 116 X 47 114 X 52 111 X 57 105 X 61 100 X 65 98 X 71 96 X 78 97 X 84 98 X 88 93 X 91 88 X 98 87 X 102 83 X 108 79 X 112 74 X 114 68 X 114 62 X 109 59 X 104 56 X 97 54 X 91 51 X 85 49 X 79 52 X 73 51 X 66 48 X 61 43 X 52 41 X 49 36 X 50 28 X 51 21 X 51 19 !FUNKY!STUFF! echo extracting file spline sed 's/^X//' > spline <<'!FUNKY!STUFF!' Xspace 0 0 115 116 0 Xbppin 8 Xgray 128 Xchain 34 X 94 52 X 85 49 X 79 52 X 66 48 X 61 43 X 52 41 X 49 36 X 51 19 X 46 6 X 39 0 X 28 2 X 15 10 X 13 16 X 4 23 X 0 45 X 3 50 X 7 51 X 10 63 X 8 67 X 9 80 X 37 99 X 41 116 X 52 111 X 61 100 X 71 96 X 84 98 X 91 88 X 98 87 X 108 79 X 112 74 X 114 68 X 114 62 X 103 55 X 94 52 Xgray 255 Xbspline 4 34 X 94 52 X 85 49 X 79 52 X 66 48 X 61 43 X 52 41 X 49 36 X 51 19 X 46 6 X 39 0 X 28 2 X 15 10 X 13 16 X 4 23 X 0 45 X 3 50 X 7 51 X 10 63 X 8 67 X 9 80 X 37 99 X 41 116 X 52 111 X 61 100 X 71 96 X 84 98 X 91 88 X 98 87 X 108 79 X 112 74 X 114 68 X 114 62 X 103 55 X 94 52 !FUNKY!STUFF! echo extracting file testp sed 's/^X//' > testp <<'!FUNKY!STUFF!' Xcomment test pattern X Xspace 0 0 100 200 0 Xbppin 3 Xfont sr Xfspec 1.000000 1.000000 1.570796 Xcolour 7 7 7 Xpensize 8 Xmove 10 10 Xlabel Hello World Xgray 0 Xcomment erase Xpensize 1 Xgray 7 X Xspace 0 0 99 99 0 Xarc 49 49 9 49 49 89 Xcolour 7 0 0 Xcircle 49 49 9 Xcolour 0 7 0 Xcircle 49 49 19 Xcolour 0 0 7 Xcircle 49 49 29 Xgray 1 Xline 0 9 99 9 Xgray 2 Xline 0 19 99 19 Xgray 3 Xline 0 29 99 29 Xgray 4 Xline 0 39 99 39 Xgray 5 Xline 0 49 99 49 Xgray 6 Xline 0 59 99 59 Xgray 7 Xline 0 69 99 69 Xcolour 7 0 0 Xline 9 0 9 99 Xcolour 0 7 0 Xline 19 0 19 99 Xcolour 0 0 7 Xline 29 0 29 99 Xcolour 7 7 0 Xline 39 0 39 99 Xcolour 7 0 7 Xline 49 0 49 99 Xcolour 0 7 7 Xline 59 0 59 99 Xcolour 7 7 7 Xline 69 0 69 99 Xmove 0 0 Xcont 99 0 Xcont 99 99 Xcont 0 99 Xcont 0 0 Xline 0 0 99 99 Xmove 0 0 Xmoverel 85 4 Xcontrel 10 0 Xcontrel 0 10 Xcontrel -10 0 Xcontrel 0 -10 Xmove 85 14 Xcontrel 10 -10 Xpoint 79 5 Xpoint 79 10 Xpoint 79 15 Xpoint 79 20 Xpoint 79 25 Xpoint 79 30 Xpoint 79 35 Xpoint 79 40 Xpoint 79 45 Xpoint 79 50 Xpoint 79 55 Xpoint 79 60 Xpoint 79 65 Xpoint 79 70 Xpoint 79 75 Xpoint 79 80 Xpoint 79 85 Xpoint 79 90 Xpoint 79 95 !FUNKY!STUFF! echo extracting file yinyang sed 's/^X//' > yinyang <<'!FUNKY!STUFF!' Xcomment the classic yin/yang symbol Xspace -256 255 255 -256 1 Xcolour 255 255 255 Xarc 0 0 0 -256 0 255 Xarc 0 -127 0 -256 0 0 Xcircle 0 -127 10 Xarea 0 -127 Xcolour 255 0 0 Xarc 0 0 0 255 0 -256 Xarc 0 127 0 255 0 0 Xcircle 0 127 10 Xarea 0 127 Xarea 0 -240 Xcolour 255 255 255 Xarea 0 240 !FUNKY!STUFF! cd .. echo echo finished installing directory test echo echo finished part 7 of 8