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From: blh@VLSI.CS.CMU.EDU (Bruce Horn)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac,comp.windows.misc
Subject: Re: Credit where credit is due
Message-ID: <1121@PT.CS.CMU.EDU>
Date: 14 Mar 88 17:59:43 GMT
References: <1624@thorin.cs.unc.edu>
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Organization: Carnegie-Mellon University, CS/RI
Lines: 71
Keywords: window human computer interface

Here are my updates to Oliver Steele's list.  I was lucky enough to witness
many of these concepts being created because I worked in the Smalltalk group
at Xerox (first the Learning Research Group, then Systems Concepts) from
about '74 to '81, then in the Mac group from the end of '81 to mid-'84.  I
invite any PARC/Apple alumni to correct my list regarding innovations done
at Xerox and Apple.

I think it is unrealistic to attribute many of these concepts to a single
person.  Many folks in LRG (Learning Research Group) & SSL (Systems Science
Laboratory), CSL (Computer Science Laboratory), and SDD (Systems Development
Division) at Xerox, and the Lisa and Mac groups at Apple were involved
in creating these ideas.  I added a few new concepts that I felt should have
been in the list as well.

I don't claim these to be correct as to the FIRST creators, but at least
they represent earlier accomplishments than the previous list.


BitBLT/RasterOp		:	Ingalls(LRG)@Xerox
  (VERY IMPORTANT!)
Bitmapped display as
  main display device	:	CSL@Xerox (the Alto) (?)
					(PERQ first commercial product)
Pointing device mapped
  to screen pointer	:	Englebart@SRI (?)
Mouse			:	Englebart@SRI
Menus			:	LRG@Xerox (?)
Popup Menus		:	Ingalls(LRG)@Xerox
Pulldown menus		:	Lisa@Apple
Menu bar		:	Lisa@Apple
Hierarchical menus	:	Paeth(SSL)@Xerox (in Smalltalk)
Disabling of menu items
  to show invalidity	:	Lisa@Apple
Key equivalents for
  menu items		:	Lisa@Apple
Check marks on m. i.	:	Lisa@Apple
Overlapped windows	:	Ingalls(LRG)@Xerox
Windows (tiled LATER!)	:	CSL@Xerox
Event Queue		:	Simula@NCC, then Lisa@Apple
Icons			:	SDD@Xerox (Star) -> Mac -> Lisa (!)
				(my Finder prototype was borrowed by the
				Lisa group for their Filer, and enhanced)
Scroll bars		:	LRG@Xerox
Push Buttons		:	LRG@Xerox
Radio Buttons		:	Kaehler(LRG)@Xerox (I brought the term
				"radio button" from LRG to Apple).
Check Boxes		:	LRG@Xerox (?)
Dialog Boxes		:	Star@Xerox (property sheets)
Language-independent
  software (making a
  French Finder without
  recompiling source)	 :	Lisa@Apple
"Resources", object
  databases for dialog layout
  and language independence:	Horn(Mac)@Apple
Multifont/style text records :	CSL@Xerox (Bravo)
Modeless Interaction	:	Tesler(SSL)@Xerox
Cut/Copy/Paste w/ mouse	:	Tesler(SSL)@Xerox (Gypsy, then Smalltalk)
Text selection point is
    _between_ characters :	Tesler(SSL)@Xerox (Gypsy & Smalltalk)
				(TECO had this earlier than PARC, it is
				claimed)





-- 
Bruce Horn, Carnegie Mellon CSD
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