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From: shap@polya.Stanford.EDU (Jonathan S. Shapiro)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.c++
Subject: Hiding Private Parts
Keywords: references
Message-ID: <4457@polya.Stanford.EDU>
Date: 14 Oct 88 02:11:23 GMT
Organization: Stanford University
Lines: 78


I mentioned in this group a way to hide the private part, and a couple
of people have inquired for more info by mail. Since it seems to be of
general interest, I will post it.

Consider a class:

class Contrived {
	int i;
	float f;
public:
	Contrived();
	~Contrived();
	short fred;
	long wilma;
} ;

The idea is to separate the private part by rendering it a structure:

class Contrived2 {
	struct Contrived_Private {
		int i;
		float f;
	} p;
public:
	Contrived()
		: p(args);
	~Contrived();
	short fred;
	long wilma;
} ;

Note that where you previously refered to Object.i from within a
member function, you now need to refer to Object.p.i, which is
inconvenient, but perhaps acceptable.

The final step is then to remove the structure definition, changing
the class to:

class Contrived3 {
	union {
		struct Contrived_Private& p;
		struct Contrived_Private *pptr;
	} /* ANONYMOUS */;
public:
	Contrived();
	~Contrived();
	short fred;
	long wilma;
} ;

Note that because Contrived_Private is a *reference*, it is not
necessary to have the structure defined, and the Constructor is now
free to contain code like:

	Old Form		New Form

	Contrived()		Contrived()
		: p(pargs);	{
	{ ... }				pptr = new Contrived_Private(pargs);
					/* references through p now work */
				... }

A cleaner answer that might or might not work would be just to drop
the pptr and the anonymous union leaving Contrived_Private& p, and
try:

	Contrived()
		: p(*(new Contrived_Private(pargs)))
	{...}

Of course, the destructor then has to do so tricky casts to delete it
correctly.


Does that help?

Jon