Path: utzoo!attcan!uunet!kddlab!titcca!fgw!flab!umerin
From: umerin@flab.flab.fujitsu.JUNET (Masanobu UMEDA)
Newsgroups: comp.emacs,fj.editor.emacs
Subject: GNUS 3.11: A GNU Emacs newsreader (7 of 9)
Message-ID: <4806@flab.flab.fujitsu.JUNET>
Date: 23 Feb 89 07:25:34 GMT
Reply-To: umerin@flab.flab.fujitsu.JUNET (Masanobu UMEDA)
Followup-To: comp.emacs
Organization: Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Kawasaki, Japan.
Lines: 1362

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sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' >> gnus.texinfo
X
X@example
X(setq gnus-nntp-service nil)
X@end example
X
X@findex system-name
X@noindent
XIn this case, the NNTP server must be a local host name returned by the
Xfunction @code{system-name} (@pxref{Local News Spool}).@refill
X
X@node Domain, GENERICFROM, NNTP Service, Environment
X@subsection Domain and Organization
X@cindex domain
X@cindex organization
X
X  @dfn{Domain} and @dfn{organization} must be defined before you post
Xyour first article, because they are included in all articles you post,
Xand will be used for identifying who you are.@refill
X
X@findex system-name
X  @dfn{Domain} is the domain part of your mail address excluding the
Xlocal host name.  For example, if your mail address is
X@samp{umerin@@photon.stars.flab.Fujitsu.JUNET} and the local host name
Xis @samp{photon}, your domain is @samp{stars.flab.Fujitsu.JUNET}.  If
Xthe function @code{system-name} of your Emacs returns the full Internet
Xname, you do not have to define the domain.@refill
X
X  @dfn{Organization} is the organization you belong to.  It must be
Xdefined unconditionally.@refill
X
X@vindex gnus-your-domain
X@vindex gnus-your-organization
X  To define the domain @samp{stars.flab.Fujitsu.JUNET} and the
Xorganization @samp{Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Kawasaki, Japan.} using
Xlisp variables, put the following codes in @file{.emacs},
X@file{site-init.el} or @file{default.el}.  If you are a system
Xadministrator and installing GNUS for other users, @file{site-init.el}
Xis the best place to define them because the domain and organization are
Xcommon to all users of the system.@refill
X
X@example
X(setq gnus-your-domain "stars.flab.Fujitsu.JUNET")
X(setq gnus-your-organization
X      "Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Kawasaki, Japan.")
X@end example
X
X@vindex DOMAINNAME
X@vindex ORGANIZATION
X  The @code{DOMAINNAME} and @code{ORGANIZATION} environment variables
Xare used instead if defined.  To define these variables, put the
Xfollowing codes in @file{.login}.@refill
X
X@example
Xsetenv DOMAINNAME   "stars.flab.Fujitsu.JUNET"
Xsetenv ORGANIZATION "Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Kawasaki, Japan."
X@end example
X
X@node GENERICFROM, GENERICPATH, Domain, Environment
X@subsection GENERICFROM
X@cindex GENERICFROM
X@cindex From field
X
X@vindex gnus-use-generic-from
X  If the variable @code{gnus-use-generic-from} is non-@code{nil}, the
Xlocal host name of your machine will not appear in the @samp{From:}
Xfield of article headers you post.  This is called the @dfn{GENERICFROM}
Xfeature in the Bnews system.  This may be useful if there are many
Xworkstations connected to each other in a local area network, and
Xaliases service or automatic forwarding of mail is supported between the
Xworkstations.@refill
X
X  To use the GENERICFROM, put the following codes in @file{.emacs},
X@file{site-init.el} or @file{default.el}.  If you are a system
Xadministrator and installing GNUS for other users, @file{site-init.el}
Xis the best place to define it because the definition is common to all
Xusers of the system having the same domain and organization
X(@pxref{Domain,, Domain and Organization}).@refill
X
X@example
X(setq gnus-use-generic-from t)
X@end example
X
X@vindex gnus-your-domain
X@vindex DOMAINNAME
X  As a special case of the GENERICFROM feature, if the variable
X@code{gnus-use-generic-from} is a string, it is used as your domain
Xinstead of the definition of the variable @code{gnus-your-domain} or the
Xenvironment variable @code{DOMAINNAME} 
X(@pxref{Domain,, Domain and Organization}).@refill
X
X@node GENERICPATH, Startup File, GENERICFROM, Environment
X@subsection GENERICPATH
X@cindex GENERICPATH
X@cindex Path field
X
X@vindex gnus-use-generic-path
X  If the variable @code{gnus-use-generic-path} is @code{nil}, the NNTP
Xserver name followed by the user login name is used in the @samp{Path:}
Xfield of article headers you post.  If it is a string, the string
Xfollowed by the user login name is used instead.  Otherwise, if it is
Xnon-@code{nil}, only the user login name is used.  This is called the
X@dfn{GENERICPATH} feature in the Bnews system.@refill
X
X  For example, to define the generic path @samp{flab}, put the following
Xcodes in @file{.emacs}, @file{site-init.el} or @file{default.el}.  If
Xyou are a system administrator and installing GNUS for other users,
X@file{site-init.el} is the best place to define it because the
Xdefinition is common to all users of the system having the same domain
Xand organization (@pxref{Domain,, Domain and Organization}).@refill
X
X@example
X(setq gnus-use-generic-path "flab")
X@end example
X
X@noindent
XIn this case, the @samp{Path:} field will be generated as
X@samp{Path:@: flab!@var{user}}.@refill
X
X@node Startup File,, GENERICPATH, Environment
X@subsection Startup File
X@cindex startup file
X@cindex .newsrc
X
X@vindex gnus-startup-file
X@cindex server specific startup file
X  @dfn{Startup file} is a file recording information on articles you
Xhave already read.  GNUS uses @file{.newsrc} for the startup file as in
Xthe Bnews system.  If you think you will talk to exactly one NNTP
Xserver, you can use it without any problems.  Otherwise, if you want to
Xtalk to several NNTP servers, you'd better use server specific startup
Xfiles since startup files are not portable between servers.  The server
Xspecific startup file for an NNTP server on a machine @var{server} is a
Xfile named @file{.newsrc-@var{server}}.  For example,
X@file{.newsrc-photon} is for an NNTP server on a machine named
X@samp{photon}.  The primary name of the startup file, @file{.newsrc}, is
Xspecified by the variable @code{gnus-startup-file}
X(@pxref{Variables}).@refill
X
X@kindex U (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-unsubscribe-group
X@cindex options -n in startup file
X@cindex add newsgroups
X@cindex new newsgroups
X  GNUS automatically adds newly created newsgroups to a startup file
Xwhen getting started.  To prevent adding the newsgroups under some
Xnewsgroup hierarchies, you can use the options line in the startup file.
XOption @code{-n} of the options line in the startup file is recognized
Xproperly the same as for the Bnews system.  For example, if the options
Xline is @samp{options -n !talk talk.rumors}, newsgroups under the
X@samp{talk} hierarchy except for @samp{talk.rumors} are ignored while
Xchecking new newsgroups.  This is the only way to keep startup files
Xsmall.  These ignored newsgroups can be added manually using the command
X@kbd{U} (@code{gnus-Group-unsubscribe-group}) in the Newsgroup buffer
X(@pxref{Maintenance}).@refill
X
X@cindex quick startup file
X@cindex .newsrc.el
X  Once a startup file is updated by GNUS, the @dfn{quick startup file}
Xof which the file name is generated by appending @file{.el} to that of
Xthe raw startup file is also created.  The quick startup file can be
Xread by Emacs faster than the raw startup file since all information in
Xthe file is in lisp form.  If there is a quick startup file and it is
Xnewer than the raw startup file, the quick startup file is loaded
Xinstead of the raw startup file.  If the raw startup file is newer, it
Xis normally read after loading the quick startup file.  You should not
Xremove the quick startup file because it contains additional
Xinformation.  Instead, make the raw startup file newer than that by
Xtouching it or force GNUS to read it by using the command
X@code{gnus-Group-restart} if you want to reflect the changes of the raw
Xstartup file to GNUS.@refill
X
X@node Texinfo Manual,, Environment, Installation
X@section Texinfo Manual
X@pindex gnus.texinfo
X@cindex Texinfo
X@cindex Info
X@cindex @TeX{}
X
X  @file{gnus.texinfo} is a manual of GNUS written in Texinfo format.
XThis file can be printed using @TeX{}, and also can be read using Info
XMode of Emacs.@refill
X
X@vindex Info-directory
X@vindex gnus-Info-directory
X@cindex create Info file
X@cindex install Info file
X  @inforef{Creating an Info File, Creating an Info File, texinfo}, to
Xcreate an on-line Info file from the Texinfo manual.  If you are not
Xallowed to create the Info file in the standard Info directory specified
Xby the variable @code{Info-directory}, create it in your private
Xdirectory and set the variable @code{gnus-Info-directory} to the
Xdirectory.@refill
X
X@kindex C-c C-i
X@findex gnus-Info-find-node
X@cindex read Info file
X@cindex Info
X  If this Info file is installed, you can read the documentation of GNUS
Xaccording to the current major mode of GNUS.  The command
X@code{gnus-Info-find-node} to read the appropriate Info nodes of the
XInfo file is assigned to @kbd{C-c C-i} in all major modes of
XGNUS.@refill
X
X@cindex print Texinfo manual
X  @inforef{Printing Hardcopy, Printing Hardcopy, texinfo}, to print a
Xhardcopy of the manual.@refill
X
X@node Starting up, Buffers of GNUS, Installation, Top
X@chapter Starting up GNUS
X
X@ifinfo
X  This chapter describes how to get started GNUS, how to use a local
Xnews spool directly, and how to read private directory.
X@end ifinfo
X
X@menu
X* Getting Started::     How to get started GNUS.
X* Local News Spool::    How to use a local news spool.
X* Private Directory::   How to read a private directory.
X@end menu
X
X@node Getting Started, Local News Spool, Starting up, Starting up
X@section Getting Started GNUS
X@cindex invoke GNUS
X@cindex run GNUS
X
X@kindex M-x gnus
X@findex gnus
X  Type @kbd{M-x gnus} at the top level of GNU Emacs to invoke GNUS.
XUnless a default NNTP server is defined, you will be asked for the name
Xof the server.  The NNTP server can be changed at startup time by giving
Xa prefix argument to the command even if a default server is defined.
X@xref{NNTP Server}, to define the default server.@refill
X
X@table @kbd
X@item M-x gnus
X@kindex M-x gnus
XRun GNUS using the default NNTP server.
X
X@item C-u M-x gnus
X@kindex C-u M-x gnus
XRun GNUS without using the default NNTP server.
X@end table
X
X@node Local News Spool, Private Directory, Getting Started, Starting up
X@section Using Local News Spool
X@cindex local news spool
X
X@vindex gnus-nntp-service
X@findex system-name
X  If the NNTP server is the local host name (exactly the same as the
Xvalue returned by the function @code{system-name}), and the variable
X@code{gnus-nntp-service} is nil, GNUS looks up the local news spool of
Xyour machine directly instead of NNTP (@pxref{NNTP Service}).@refill
X
X  It may be effective not to use NNTP for reducing network traffic even
Xif an NNTP server is running on the local machine.  Commands for
Xretrieving articles by Message-IDs may, however, take longer time than
Xfor NNTP, or they may not work at all.  @xref{Referencing Articles}, to
Xrefer to articles by the Message-IDs, and @pxref{Spool Variables}, for
Xmore information on the restrictions.@refill
X
X@node Private Directory,, Local News Spool, Starting up
X@section Reading a Private Directory
X@cindex private directory
X@cindex MH folder
X
X@cindex active file
X  If an NNTP server is preceded by a colon such as @samp{:Mail}, the
Xuser's private directory @file{~/Mail} is used as the news spool.  This
Xmakes it possible to read mail stored in MH folders or articles saved by
XGNUS.  An active file for the directory is generated from files of which
Xthe file name consists of only numeric characters, and other files
Xcontaining non-numeric characters in their file name are ignored.@refill
X
X@pindex nntp.el
X@pindex nnspool.el
X@pindex mhspool.el
X  If a private directory is specified as an NNTP server, GNUS loads the
Xlisp library @file{mhspool.el} (@pxref{Files of GNUS}).  Loading of this
Xfile replaces some function definitions which are defined in
X@file{nntp.el} or @file{nnspool.el} in Emacs.  This means that if you
Xwant to read articles afterwards, you have to restore those definitions
Xby loading @file{nntp.el} or @file{nnspool.el}.  You'd better restart
XEmacs if you do not know what to do in this case.@refill
X
X  A server specific startup file for each directory must be created
Xbefore starting GNUS.  For example, a startup file for the directory
X@file{~/Mail} is a file named @file{.newsrc-:Mail}.  @xref{Startup
XFile}, for more information on the server specific startup file.@refill
X
X@node Buffers of GNUS, Newsgroup Commands, Starting up, Top
X@chapter Buffers of GNUS
X@cindex GNUS buffers
X@cindex buffers of GNUS
X@cindex GNUS windows
X@cindex windows of GNUS
X@cindex GNUS major modes
X@cindex major modes of GNUS
X
X  GNUS uses three buffers of Emacs: Newsgroup buffer, Subject buffer,
Xand Article buffer.  Each of them is associated with a specific major
Xmode of Emacs.
X
X@menu
X* Newsgroup Buffer:: a buffer for listing newsgroups.
X* Subject Buffer::   a buffer for listing subjects and other important headers.
X* Article Buffer::   a buffer for displaying messages of articles.
X@end menu
X
X@node Newsgroup Buffer, Subject Buffer, Buffers of GNUS, Buffers of GNUS
X@section Newsgroup Buffer
X@cindex Newsgroup buffer
X@cindex Group Mode
X
X  @dfn{Newsgroup buffer} is for listing newsgroups.  The major mode of
Xthis buffer is @dfn{Group Mode}.  The buffer is created and popped up
Xwhen GNUS starts.  Newsgroups which are subscribed to and contain unread
Xarticles are usually listed in the buffer.  If there is no such
Xnewsgroup, the buffer will be empty and a message @samp{No news is good
Xnews.} will be displayed in the echo area of Emacs.@refill
X
X  The contents of a Newsgroup buffer looks something like the following:
X
X@example
X@var{SM  NUMBER}: @var{NEWSGROUP}
X@end example
X
X@table @var
X@item S
XA character indicating whether the newsgroup is subscribed to.  @samp{U}
Xmeans the newsgroup is unsubscribed.  @samp{ } means it is subscribed
Xto.@refill
X
X@item M
XA character indicating whether there are unread articles in the
Xnewsgroup.  @samp{*} means there are no newly arrived articles in the
Xnewsgroup.  @samp{ } means there are newly arrived articles.@refill
X
X@item NUMBER
XThe number of unread articles in the newsgroup.
X
X@item NEWSGROUP
XThe name of the newsgroup.
X@end table
X
X@node Subject Buffer, Article Buffer, Newsgroup Buffer, Buffers of GNUS
X@section Subject Buffer
X@cindex Subject buffer
X@cindex Subject Mode
X
X  @dfn{Subject buffer} is for listing subjects and other important
Xheaders of articles.  The major mode of the buffer is @dfn{Subject
XMode}.  The buffer is created for each newsgroup when the newsgroup is
Xselected in the Newsgroup buffer.@refill
X
X  The contents of a Subject buffer looks something like the following:
X
X@example
X@var{S NUMBER}:@var{C}[@var{LINES}:@var{AUTHOR}] @var{SUBJECT}
X@end example
X
X@table @var
X@item S
XA character indicating whether an article is newly arrived.  @samp{ }
Xmeans the article is newly arrived.  @samp{D} means it was read and
Xmarked so.  @samp{-} means it was read once but marked as unread
Xagain.@refill
X
X@item NUMBER
XThe number assigned to the article.
X
X@item C
XA character indicating which article is currently selected.  @samp{+} is
Xplaced on the current article.@refill
X
X@item LINES
XThe number of lines of the article body.
X
X@item AUTHOR
XMail address of the author of the article.
X
X@item SUBJECT
XSubject of the article.
X@end table
X
X@vindex gnus-optional-headers
X  Strings between @samp{[} and @samp{]} are optional, and can be
Xcustomized using the variable @code{gnus-optional-headers}.
X@xref{Variables}, and @pxref{Hooks}, for more information on
Xcustomization.@refill
X
X@node Article Buffer,, Subject Buffer, Buffers of GNUS
X@section Article Buffer
X@cindex Article buffer
X@cindex Article Mode
X
X  @dfn{Article buffer} is for displaying articles.  The major mode of
Xthe buffer is @dfn{Article Mode}.  Very few commands are available in
Xthis buffer because most operations on the buffer can be done in the
XSubject buffer.@refill
X
X@node Newsgroup Commands, Subject Commands, Buffers of GNUS, Top
X@chapter Newsgroup Commands
X
X  The Newsgroup buffer is intended to show newsgroups which are
Xsubscribed to and contain unread articles.  Unsubscribed newsgroups or
Xnewsgroups containing no unread articles are not usually displayed in
Xthe buffer.
X
X  Commands for browsing through newsgroups, selecting newsgroups to read
Xarticles, and maintaining newsgroups are described in this chapter.
X
X@menu
X* Browsing Newsgroups::         Browsing through newsgroups.
X* Selecting a Newsgroup::       Selecting a newsgroup to read articles.
X* Maintenance::                 Maintaining newsgroups.
X* Exiting GNUS::                How to exit GNUS.
X* Other Newsgroup Commands::    Other miscellaneous commands.
X@end menu
X
X@node Browsing Newsgroups, Selecting a Newsgroup, Newsgroup Commands, Newsgroup Commands
X@section Walking Around Newsgroups
X
X  First of all, you have to move the point to a newsgroup to read
Xarticles from the desired newsgroup.
X
X@table @kbd
X@item n
X@kindex n (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-next-unread-group
XMove point to the next newsgroup containing unread articles
X(@code{gnus-Group-next-unread-group}).@refill
X
X@item p
X@itemx DEL
X@kindex p (Group Mode)
X@kindex DEL (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-prev-unread-group
XMove point to the previous newsgroup containing unread articles
X(@code{gnus-Group-prev-unread-group}).@refill
X
X@item N
X@itemx C-n
X@kindex N (Group Mode)
X@kindex C-n (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-next-group
XMove point to the next newsgroup (@code{gnus-Group-next-group}).
X
X@item P
X@itemx C-p
X@kindex P (Group Mode)
X@kindex C-p (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-prev-group
XMove point to the previous newsgroup (@code{gnus-Group-prev-group}).
X
X@item j @var{newsgroup} RET
X@kindex j (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-jump-to-group
XMove point to the specified @var{newsgroup}
X(@code{gnus-Group-jump-to-group}).@refill
X
X@item /
X@kindex / (Group Mode)
XDo an incremental search forward (@code{isearch-forward}).
X
X@item <
X@kindex < (Group Mode)
XMove point to the beginning of the buffer (@code{beginning-of-buffer}).
X
X@item >
X@kindex > (Group Mode)
XMove point to the end of the buffer (@code{end-of-buffer}).
X
X@item r
X@kindex r (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-restrict-groups
X@cindex restrict newsgroups
XRestrict visible newsgroups to the current region specified by the point
Xand the mark (@code{gnus-Group-restrict-groups}).@refill
X@end table
X
X@kindex j (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-jump-to-group
X  The command @kbd{j} (@code{gnus-Group-jump-to-group}) reads a
Xnewsgroup name interactively, and moves the point to it.  If there is no
Xsuch newsgroup in the buffer, a line for the newsgroup is inserted at
Xthe beginning of the buffer.@refill
X
X@kindex r (Group Mode)
X@kindex C-x w
X@findex gnus-Group-restrict-groups
X@findex widen
X@cindex restrict newsgroups
X  The command @kbd{r} (@code{gnus-Group-restrict-groups}) restricts
Xvisible newsgroups to the current region specified by the point and the
Xmark.  This is useful if you want to concentrate on a restricted set of
Xnewsgroups in a region.  Type @kbd{C-x w} (@code{widen}) to remove the
Xrestriction.@refill
X
X@node Selecting a Newsgroup, Maintenance, Browsing Newsgroups, Newsgroup Commands
X@section Selecting a Newsgroup
X@cindex select newsgroup
X@cindex read newsgroup
X
X@kindex SPC (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-read-group
X@kindex = (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-select-group
X  If you successfully move the point to a desired newsgroup, you can
Xselect the newsgroup to read articles by typing @kbd{SPC}
X(@code{gnus-Group-read-group}) or @kbd{=}
X(@code{gnus-Group-select-group}) on that line.@refill
X
X@table @kbd
X@item SPC
X@kindex SPC (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-read-group
XSelect the newsgroup, and then select the first unread article
Xautomatically (@code{gnus-Group-read-group}).@refill
X
X@item =
X@kindex = (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-select-group
XSelect the newsgroup (@code{gnus-Group-select-group}). No article is
Xselected automatically.@refill
X@end table
X
X@kindex SPC (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-read-group
X@vindex gnus-auto-select-first
X@vindex gnus-Select-group-hook
X  To prevent automatic selection of the first unread article even when
Xthe newsgroup is selected by the command @key{SPC}
X(@code{gnus-Group-read-group}), set the variable
X@code{gnus-auto-select-first} to @code{nil}.  If you want to change the
Xvalue of the variable according to the selected newsgroups, set the
Xvariable in the hook @code{gnus-Select-group-hook}.@refill
X
X@kindex SPC (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-read-group
X@kindex = (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-select-group
X@cindex select all articles
X@cindex read all articles
X  If unread articles are contained in a selected newsgroup, they become
Xready to be read.  Otherwise, all articles in the newsgroup become ready
Xto be read.  All articles in a newsgroup can be selected unconditionally
Xby giving a prefix argument to the commands @key{SPC} and @key{=}
X(@code{gnus-Group-read-group} and
X@code{gnus-Group-select-group}).@refill
X
X@vindex gnus-large-newsgroup
X@cindex large newsgroup
X  If the number of articles being selected is larger than the variable
X@code{gnus-large-newsgroup}, the number of articles actually selected is
Xasked for.  If the given value @var{n} is positive, the last @var{n}
Xarticles will be selected.  If @var{n} is negative, the first @var{n}
Xarticles will be selected.  An empty string means to select all
Xarticles.@refill
X
X  @xref{Variables}, and @pxref{Hooks}, for more information on
Xcustomization.@refill
X
X@node Maintenance, Exiting GNUS, Selecting a Newsgroup, Newsgroup Commands
X@section Maintaining Newsgroups
X
X  Subscription of newsgroups, deletion of bogus newsgroups, and other
Xrelated operations are described in this section.
X
X@table @kbd
X@item u
X@kindex u (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-unsubscribe-current-group
XUnsubscribe from (or subscribe to) the newsgroup
X(@code{gnus-Group-unsubscribe-current-group}).@refill
X
X@item U @var{newsgroup} RET
X@kindex U (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-unsubscribe-group
XUnsubscribe from (or subscribe to) the specified @var{newsgroup}
X(@code{gnus-Group-unsubscribe-group}).  If it is not contained in the
Xstartup file, it is added to the file.@refill
X
X@item c
X@kindex c (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-catch-up
XMark all articles as read in the newsgroup (@code{gnus-Group-catch-up}).
X
X@item l
X@kindex l (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-list-groups
XRedisplay newsgroups which are subscribed to and containing unread
Xarticles (@code{gnus-Group-list-groups}).@refill
X
X@item L
X@kindex L (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-list-all-groups 
XDisplay all newsgroups unconditionally
X(@code{gnus-Group-list-all-groups}).@refill
X
X@item b
X@kindex b (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-check-bogus-groups
XCheck bogus newsgroups (@code{gnus-Group-check-bogus-groups}).  Bogus
Xmeans non-active.@refill
X
X@item g
X@kindex g (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-get-new-news
X@cindex active file
XGet newly arrived articles (@code{gnus-Group-get-new-news}).  In fact,
XGNUS reads the active file from the NNTP server again.@refill
X
X@item R
X@kindex R (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-restart
X@cindex startup file
X@cindex .newsrc
XForce to read the raw startup file and get newly arrived articles
X(@code{gnus-Group-restart}).
X@end table
X
X@kindex U (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-unsubscribe-group
X@cindex options -n in startup file
X@cindex add newsgroups
X@cindex new newsgroups
X  The command @kbd{U} (@code{gnus-Group-unsubscribe-group}) reads a
Xnewsgroup name interactively, and toggles its subscription flag if it is
Xalready in the startup file.  Otherwise, if it is not contained in the
Xstartup file, it is added to the file.  Thus, you can add newly created
Xnewsgroups manually which are not added automatically because of the
Xoptions line in the startup file.  @xref{Startup File}, for more
Xinformation on the startup file and options line.@refill
X
X@kindex c (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-catch-up
X@kindex c (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-catch-up-and-exit
X@cindex catch up
X@cindex cross-references
X@cindex Xref field
X  The command @kbd{c} (@code{gnus-Group-catch-up}) marks all articles as
Xread in a newsgroup.  Make sure that this command does not take account
Xof cross-reference information in the @samp{Xref:} field, while the
Xcommand @kbd{c} (@code{gnus-Subject-catch-up-and-exit}) in Subject Mode
Xdoes.@refill
X
X@kindex L (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-list-all-groups
X  Only subscribed newsgroups containing unread articles are usually
Xdisplayed in the Newsgroup buffer.  Type @kbd{L}
X(@code{gnus-Group-list-all-groups}) to show all newsgroups which are
Xcurrently active.@refill
X
X@kindex b (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-check-bogus-groups
X@cindex bogus newsgroups
X@cindex delete newsgroups
X  A @dfn{bogus newsgroup} is one not in the list of active newsgroups in
Xthe active file.  Bogus newsgroups which are deleted or renamed must be
Xdeleted from the startup file (@pxref{Startup File}) explicitly by the
Xcommand @kbd{b} (@code{gnus-Group-check-bogus-groups}).@refill
X
X@kindex R (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-restart
X@cindex order of newsgroups
X@cindex change the order of newsgroups
X@cindex startup file
X@cindex .newsrc
X  If you want to change the order of newsgroups listed in the Newsgroup
Xbuffer, edit the raw startup file by yourself using the ordinary Emacs
Xcommands and then restart GNUS using the command @kbd{R}
X(@code{gnus-Group-restart}).  Generally speaking, if you want to reflect
Xthe changes of the raw startup file to GNUS, the raw startup file must
Xbe newer than the quick startup file.  @xref{Startup File}, for more
Xinformation on the startup file.@refill
X
X@kindex g (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-get-new-news
X@cindex active file
X  GNUS reads the active file at start up time to know about currently
Xactive articles.  This information is not updated unless you force GNUS
Xto do so by using the command @kbd{g} (@code{gnus-Group-get-new-news})
Xor the command @kbd{R} (@code{gnus-Group-restart}).@refill
X
X@node Exiting GNUS, Other Newsgroup Commands, Maintenance, Newsgroup Commands
X@section Exiting GNUS
X
X@table @kbd
X@item s
X@itemx x
X@kindex s (Group Mode)
X@kindex x (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-force-update
X@cindex update startup file
X@cindex save startup file
XUpdate the startup file @file{.newsrc} (@code{gnus-Group-force-update}).
X
X@item z
X@kindex z (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-suspend
XSuspend the current GNUS session to make it possible to resume it later
X(@code{gnus-Group-suspend}).@refill
X
X@item q
X@kindex q (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-exit
XUpdate the startup file @file{.newsrc}, and then exit GNUS
X(@code{gnus-Group-exit}).@refill
X
X@item Q
X@kindex Q (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-quit
XExit GNUS without updating the startup file @file{.newsrc}
X(@code{gnus-Group-quit}).@refill
X@end table
X
X@kindex z (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-suspend
X@kindex g (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-get-new-news
X  If a GNUS session is suspended by the command @kbd{z}
X(@code{gnus-Group-suspend}), it is possible to resume it later without
Xany time-consuming initializations.  Switch to the Newsgroup buffer and
Xtype @kbd{g} (@code{gnus-Group-get-new-news}) to get newly arrived
Xarticles if you want to resume the suspended GNUS session.  It is a good
Xidea to update the startup file (@pxref{Startup File}) before suspending
XGNUS.@refill
X
X@kindex q (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-exit
X@kindex Q (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-quit
X  If you want to forget what you read this GNUS session, exit GNUS by
Xthe command @kbd{Q} (@code{gnus-Group-quit}).  Otherwise, exit by the
Xcommand @kbd{q} (@code{gnus-Group-exit}) to update the startup
Xfile.@refill
X
X@vindex gnus-Exit-gnus-hook
X  The hook @code{gnus-Exit-gnus-hook} is called when exiting or
Xsuspending GNUS.  If you want to clear out Emacs buffers which were
Xcreated by GNUS and remain afterwards, use this hook.@refill
X
X@node Other Newsgroup Commands,, Exiting GNUS, Newsgroup Commands
X@section Miscellaneous Commands
X
X  Other miscellaneous commands are described here.
X
X@table @kbd
X@item a
X@kindex a (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-post-news
XCompose a new article (@code{gnus-Group-post-news}).  @xref{Followup and
XReply}, for more information.@refill
X
X@item M-k
X@kindex M-k (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-edit-local-kill
X@cindex edit local KILL file
XEdit a local KILL file (@code{gnus-Group-edit-local-kill}).  @xref{KILL
XFile}, for more information.@refill
X
X@item M-K
X@kindex M-K (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-edit-global-kill
X@cindex edit global KILL file
XEdit a global KILL file (@code{gnus-Group-edit-global-kill}).
X@xref{KILL File}, for more information.@refill
X
X@item V
X@kindex V (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-version
X@cindex version number of GNUS
X@cindex GNUS version number
XPrint version number of this GNUS (@code{gnus-version}).
X
X@item ?
X@kindex ? (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Group-describe-briefly
X@cindex brief help message
X@cindex help briefly
XDescribe Group Mode commands briefly
X(@code{gnus-Group-describe-briefly}).@refill
X
X@item C-c C-i
X@kindex C-c C-i (Group Mode)
X@findex gnus-Info-find-node
X@cindex read Info file
X@cindex Info
XRead Info on Group Mode (@code{gnus-Info-find-node}).
X@xref{Texinfo Manual}, to prepare an Info file of GNUS.@refill
X@end table
X
X@node Subject Commands, Article Commands, Newsgroup Commands, Top
X@chapter Subject Commands
X
X  The Subject buffer is intended to show interesting headers of articles
Xin a newsgroup and to help you know what kind of discussions are held in
Xthe newsgroup.  Messages of articles are displayed in the Article buffer
Xwhich is usually popped up automatically when necessary.  Scrolling of
Xthe messages and most other commands on articles can be done in the
XSubject buffer.
X
X@menu
X* Reading Articles::            How to read articles.
X* Searching Articles::          Searching for articles.
X* Referencing Articles::        Referencing parent articles.
X* Saving Articles::             Saving articles in your favorite format.
X* Sorting Headers::             Sorting subjects and other headers.
X* Followup and Reply::          Followup and reply commands.
X* Exiting Newsgroup::           How to exit the current newsgroup.
X* Other Subject Commands::      Other miscellaneous commands.
X@end menu
X
X@node Reading Articles, Searching Articles, Subject Commands, Subject Commands
X@section Reading Articles
X
X@ifinfo
X  Commands for browsing headers and reading messages are described here.
X@end ifinfo
X
X@menu
X* Browsing Headers::            Browsing through headers.
X* Moving Among Articles::       Selecting articles.
X* Scrolling::                   Browsing through a message.
X* Marking Articles::            Marking articles as (un)read.
X* Digest Articles::             How to read digest articles.
X@end menu
X
X@node Browsing Headers, Moving Among Articles, Reading Articles, Reading Articles
X@subsection Walking Around Headers
X
X@kindex SPC (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-page
X@kindex g (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-show-article
X  The commands described here are for moving the point on headers.  Type
X@key{SPC} (@code{gnus-Subject-next-page}) or @kbd{g}
X(@code{gnus-Subject-show-article}) to read an article on the line
X(@pxref{Scrolling}).@refill
X
X@table @kbd
X@item C-n
X@kindex C-n (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-subject
XMove point to the next header (@code{gnus-Subject-next-subject}).
X
X@item C-p
X@kindex C-p (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-prev-subject
XMove point to the previous header (@code{gnus-Subject-prev-subject}).
X
X@item M-n
X@kindex M-n (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-unread-subject
XMove point to the next header, skipping marked articles
X(@code{gnus-Subject-next-unread-subject}).@refill
X
X@item M-p
X@kindex M-p (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-prev-unread-subject
XMove point to the previous header, skipping marked articles
X(@code{gnus-Subject-prev-unread-subject}).@refill
X
X@item j @var{number} RET
X@kindex j (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-goto-subject
XMove point to the header specified by the article @var{number}
X(@code{gnus-Subject-goto-subject}).@refill
X
X@item /
X@kindex / (Subject Mode)
XDo an incremental search on headers (@code{isearch-forward}).
X@end table
X
X@kindex C-x 0
X@kindex = (Subject Mode)
X@findex delete-other-windows
X  The command @code{delete-other-windows} to delete other windows is
Xnormally assigned to @kbd{C-x 0}.  This command is very useful to show
Xthe Subject buffer full window when browsing through many headers.  That
Xis why this command is also assigned to @kbd{=} in Subject Mode.@refill
X
X@kindex C-t (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-toggle-truncation
X@cindex truncation of lines
X  Long lines in the Subject buffer are truncated and the continuation
Xlines are not displayed normally.  The command @kbd{C-t}
X(@code{gnus-Subject-toggle-truncation}) toggles the truncation of the
Xlines in the buffer.@refill
X
X@table @kbd
X@item =
X@kindex = (Subject Mode)
X@findex delete-other-windows
XDelete other windows to show the Subject buffer full window
X(@code{delete-other-windows}).@refill
X
X@item C-t
X@kindex C-t (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-toggle-truncation
XToggle truncation of the Subjet buffer
X(@code{gnus-Subject-toggle-truncation}).@refill
X@end table
X
X@node Moving Among Articles, Scrolling, Browsing Headers, Reading Articles
X@subsection Moving Among Articles
X
X  The commands described here are for moving the point on headers, and
Xthen automatically selecting articles afterward.
X
X@table @kbd
X@item n
X@kindex n (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-unread-article
XRead the next article, skipping marked articles
X(@code{gnus-Subject-next-unread-article}).@refill
X
X@item p
X@kindex p (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-prev-unread-article
XRead the previous article, skipping marked articles
X(@code{gnus-Subject-prev-unread-article}).@refill
X
X@item N
X@kindex N (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-article
XRead the next article (@code{gnus-Subject-next-article}).
X
X@item P
X@kindex P (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-prev-article
XRead the previous article (@code{gnus-Subject-prev-article}).
X
X@item M-C-n
X@kindex M-C-n (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-same-subject
XRead the next article with the same subject as the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-next-same-subject}).@refill
X
X@item M-C-p
X@kindex M-C-p (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-prev-same-subject
XRead the previous article with the same subject as the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-prev-same-subject}).@refill
X
X@item M-x gnus-Subject-next-unread-same-subject
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-unread-same-subject
XRead the next article with the same subject as the current article,
Xskipping marked articles.@refill
X
X@item M-x gnus-Subject-prev-unread-same-subject
X@findex gnus-Subject-prev-unread-same-subject
XRead the previous article with the same subject as the current article,
Xskipping marked articles.@refill
X
X@item .
X@kindex . (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-first-unread-article
XRead the first unread article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-first-unread-article}).@refill
X
X@item l
X@kindex l (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-goto-last-article
XRead the article selected last (@code{gnus-Subject-goto-last-article}).
X
X@item J @var{number} RET
X@kindex J (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-goto-article
XRead the article specified by the article @var{number}
X(@code{gnus-Subject-goto-article}).@refill
X@end table
X
X@kindex n (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-unread-article
X@kindex p (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-prev-unread-article
X@vindex gnus-auto-select-same
X@pindex rn
X  If the variable @code{gnus-auto-select-same} is non-@code{nil},
Xcommands @kbd{n} and @kbd{p} (@code{gnus-Subject-next-unread-article}
Xand @code{gnus-Subject-prev-unread-article}) move the point to unread
Xarticles with the same subject as the current article like the commands
X@kbd{M-x gnus-Subject-next-unread-same-subject} and @kbd{M-x
Xgnus-Subject-prev-unread-same-subject}, respectively.  If you are used
Xto running @samp{rn -S}, set the variable to non-@code{nil}.@refill
X
X@vindex gnus-auto-select-next
X  The variable @code{gnus-auto-select-next} defines the behavior of GNUS
Xwhen there is no unread article in the current newsgroup and a command
Xselecting the next unread article is executed.  If the variable is
Xnon-@code{nil}, the next newsgroup containing unread articles is
Xselected automatically.@refill
X
X  @xref{Variables}, for more information on customization.@refill
X
X@node Scrolling, Marking Articles, Moving Among Articles, Reading Articles
X@subsection Scrolling Within an Article
X
X@kindex SPC (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-page
X  Type @key{SPC} (@code{gnus-Subject-next-page}) to scroll to the next
Xpage of the current article.  If no article is selected yet, an article
Xnear the point is selected and its first page is displayed in the
XArticle buffer.  The next unread article is selected automatically if
X@key{SPC} is typed at the end of the message.@refill
X
X@table @kbd
X@item SPC
X@kindex SPC (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-page
XScroll to the next page of the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-next-page}).  Select it first if no article is
Xselected yet.  Select the next unread article automatically at the end of
Xthe message.@refill
X
X@item DEL
X@kindex DEL (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-prev-page
XScroll to the previous page of the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-prev-page}).@refill
X
X@item RET
X@kindex RET (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-scroll-up
XScroll up or down one line of the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-scroll-up}).@refill
X
X@item <
X@kindex < (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-beginning-of-article
XMove point to the beginning of the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-beginning-of-article}).@refill
X
X@item >
X@kindex > (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-end-of-article
XMove point to the end of the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-end-of-article}).@refill
X
X@item w
X@kindex w (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-stop-page-breaking
X@cindex page break
X@cindex break into pages
XStop page breaking (@code{gnus-Subject-stop-page-breaking}).@refill
X
X@item v
X@kindex v (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-show-all-headers
XShow all headers of the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-show-all-headers}).@refill
X
X@item t
X@kindex t (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-toggle-header
XShow all headers of the current article if pruned header currently
Xshown, or vice versa (@code{gnus-Subject-toggle-header}).@refill
X
X@item C-c C-r
X@kindex C-c C-r (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-caesar-message
X@cindex rot 13/47
X@cindex caesar messages
X@cindex encrypted articles
XCaesar rotate letters by 13 places and Japanese characters by 47 places
X(@code{gnus-Subject-caesar-message}).@refill
X
X@item g
X@kindex g (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-show-article
XForce to read the current article again
X(@code{gnus-Subject-show-article}).
X@end table
X
X@vindex gnus-subject-lines-height
X  If the Article buffer is not visible, it is popped up under the Subjet
Xbuffer when necessary.  The height of the Subject buffer is specified by
Xthe variable @code{gnus-subject-lines-height}.@refill
X
X@cindex rot 13/47
X@cindex caesar messages
X@cindex encrypted articles
X@kindex C-c C-r (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-caesar-message
X  The command @kbd{C-c C-r} (@code{gnus-Subject-caesar-message}) rotates
Xall letters in the message body of the current article by 13 places.
XJapanese characters are rotated by 47 places.  Running the command twice
Xon the same article results the original message.@refill
X
X@vindex gnus-break-pages
X@vindex gnus-page-delimiter
X@cindex page break
X@cindex break into pages
X  If the variable @code{gnus-break-pages} is non-@code{nil}, the message
Xis broken into pages at page delimiters specified by the variable
X@code{gnus-page-delimiter}.  The variable @code{gnus-more-message}
Xspecifies a message displayed at the end of the pages.  The command
X@kbd{w} (@code{gnus-Subject-stop-page-breaking}) temporary suspends page
Xbreaks.@refill
X
X@kindex t (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-toggle-header
X@vindex gnus-ignored-headers
X  The variable @code{gnus-ignored-headers} specifies header fields which
Xshould be ignored.  The command @kbd{v}
X(@code{gnus-Subject-show-all-headers}) shows all headers of the current
Xarticle, while the command @kbd{t} (@code{gnus-Subject-toggle-header})
Xtoggles the headers.@refill
X
X  @xref{Variables}, and @pxref{Hooks}, for more information on
Xcustomization.@refill
X
X@node Marking Articles, Digest Articles, Scrolling, Reading Articles
X@subsection Marking Articles
X@cindex article marks
X@cindex mark articles
X
X  GNUS uses three kinds of marks to indicate article status.
X
X@itemize @bullet
X@item
XWhite space @samp{ } for newly arrived articles.
X@item
XDash @samp{-} for articles marked as unread.
X@item
XAny other characters for articles marked as read.
X@end itemize
X
X  The status is displayed at the beginning of each line of the Subject
Xbuffer.  Commands for marking or removing these marks are as follows:
X
X@table @kbd
X@item d
X@kindex d (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-mark-as-read-forward
XMark article as read, and then move to the next subject
X(@code{gnus-Subject-mark-as-read-forward}).@refill
X
X@item D
X@kindex D (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-mark-as-read-backward
XMark article as read, and then move to the previous subject
X(@code{gnus-Subject-mark-as-read-backward}).@refill
X
X@item u
X@kindex u (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-mark-as-unread-forward
XMark article as unread, and then move to the next subject
X(@code{gnus-Subject-mark-as-unread-forward}).@refill
X
X@item U
X@kindex U (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-mark-as-unread-backward
XMark article as unread, and then move to the previous subject
X(@code{gnus-Subject-mark-as-unread-backward}).@refill
X
X@item M-u
X@kindex M-u (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-clear-mark-forward
XClear marks, and then move to the next subject
X(@code{gnus-Subject-clear-mark-forward}).@refill
X
X@item M-U
X@kindex M-U (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-clear-mark-backward
XClear marks, and then move to the previous subject
X(@code{gnus-Subject-clear-mark-backward}).@refill
X
X@item k
X@kindex k (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-kill-same-subject-and-select
XMark articles with the same subject as the current article as read, and
Xthen select the next unread article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-kill-same-subject-and-select}).@refill
X
X@item C-k
X@kindex C-k (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-kill-same-subject
XMark articles with the same subject as the current article as read
X(@code{gnus-Subject-kill-same-subject}).@refill
X
X@item c
X@kindex c (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-catch-up-and-exit
X@cindex catch up
XMark all articles as read, and then exit the current newsgroup
X(@code{gnus-Subject-catch-up-and-exit}).@refill
X
X@item M-x gnus-Subject-catch-up
X@findex gnus-Subject-catch-up
X@cindex catch up
XMark all articles as read.
X@end table
X
X@kindex x (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-delete-marked-as-read
X@kindex X (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-delete-marked-with
X@cindex large newsgroup
X  It is helpful to delete headers marked as read while reading a large
Xnewsgroup.  The command @kbd{x}
X(@code{gnus-Subject-delete-marked-as-read}) deletes headers marked as
Xread.  The command @kbd{X} (@code{gnus-Subject-delete-marked-with})
Xdeletes headers which have a specific mark.@refill
X
X@table @kbd
X@item x
X@kindex x (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-delete-marked-as-read
XDelete headers marked as read
X(@code{gnus-Subject-delete-marked-as-read}).@refill
X
X@item X @var{mark} RET
X@kindex X (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-delete-marked-with
XDelete headers marked with @var{mark}
X(@code{gnus-Subject-delete-marked-with}).@refill
X@end table
X
X@node Digest Articles,, Marking Articles, Reading Articles
X@subsection Reading Digest Articles
X@cindex digest articles
X
X  @dfn{Digest article} is a message containing many messages in
X@dfn{digest} format.  Since a digest article contains many messages in
Xone article, it is a little bit difficult to read it on a per message
Xbasis.  The following commands make it easier to read each message in a
Xdigest article.@refill
X
X@table @kbd
X@item C-c C-n
X@kindex C-c C-n (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-digest
XScroll to the next digest message of the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-next-digest}).@refill
X
X@item C-c C-p
X@kindex C-c C-p (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-prev-digest
XScroll to the previous digest message of the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-prev-digest}).@refill
X
X@item C-d
X@kindex C-d (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-rmail-digest
X@cindex Rmail
XRead the current digest article using Rmail
X(@code{gnus-Subject-rmail-digest}).@refill
X@end table
X
X@kindex C-c C-n (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-next-digest
X@kindex C-c C-p (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-prev-digest
X  The commands @kbd{C-c C-n} and @kbd{C-c C-p}
X(@code{gnus-Subject-next-digest} and @code{gnus-Subject-prev-digest})
Xscroll a digest article to the next and previous digested message,
Xrespectively.@refill
X
X@kindex C-d (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-rmail-digest
X@vindex gnus-Select-article-hook
X@cindex Rmail
X  The command @kbd{C-d} (@code{gnus-Subject-rmail-digest}) runs Rmail on
Xa digest article and makes it possible to read messages not in digest
Xform using Rmail Mode.  @inforef{Rmail, Rmail, emacs}, for more
Xinformation on Rmail Mode.  Use the hook @code{gnus-Select-article-hook}
Xto run Rmail on digest articles automatically.@refill
X
X@vindex gnus-Select-digest-hook
X@cindex incomplete digest articles
X  Digest articles in some newsgroups of USENET cannot be read using
XRmail.  In this case, a message @samp{Article is not a digest} is
Xdisplayed in the echo area of Emacs.  This means that these articles are
Xnot written in the proper digest format.  It is, however, possible to
Xread these incomplete digest articles by modifying the message headers
Xor bodies appropriately using the hook @code{gnus-Select-digest-hook}.
X@xref{Hooks}, to modify incomplete digest articles.@refill
X
X@vindex gnus-digest-show-summary
X@cindex digest summary
X@cindex summary of digest
X  If the variable @code{gnus-digest-show-summary} is non-@code{nil}, a
Xsummary of the digest article is also displayed automatically when Rmail
Xis invoked.@refill
X
X@node Searching Articles, Referencing Articles, Reading Articles, Subject Commands
X@section Searching Articles
X@cindex search for articles
X
X@table @kbd
X@item s
X@kindex s (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-isearch-article
XDo incremental search on the current article
X(@code{gnus-Subject-isearch-article}).@refill
X
X@item M-s @var{regexp} RET
X@kindex M-s (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-search-article-forward
XSearch for articles containing a match for @var{regexp} forward
X(@code{gnus-Subject-search-article-forward}).  If @var{regexp} is empty,
Xthe last regexp used is used again.@refill
X
X@item M-S @var{regexp} RET
X@kindex M-S (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-search-article-backward
XSearch for articles containing a match for @var{regexp} backward
X(@code{gnus-Subject-search-article-backward}).  If @var{regexp} is empty,
Xthe last regexp used is used again.@refill
X
X@item & @var{field} RET @var{regexp} RET @var{command} RET
X@kindex & (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-execute-command
XExecute @var{command} on articles containing a match for @var{regexp} in
X@var{field} of the headers (@code{gnus-Subject-execute-command}).  If
X@var{field} is empty, the entire article is searched for.@refill
X@end table
X
X@kindex s (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-isearch-article
X@kindex M-s (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-search-article-forward
X@kindex M-S (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-search-article-backward
X  The command @kbd{s} (@code{gnus-Subject-isearch-article}) does an
Xincremental search on the current article.  The commands @kbd{M-s} and
X@kbd{M-S} (@code{gnus-Subject-search-article-forward} and
X@code{gnus-Subject-search-article-backward}) search for articles
Xcontaining a match for regexp.  The search starts from the current point
Xof the current article.@refill
X
X@kindex & (Subject Mode)
X@findex gnus-Subject-execute-command
X  The command @kbd{&} (@code{gnus-Subject-execute-command})
Xinteractively reads the field name of article headers, regexp, and a
Xvalid command key sequence.  It then searches for articles having a
SHAR_EOF
echo "End of part 7, continue with part 8"
echo "8" > s2_seq_.tmp
exit 0