Path: utzoo!attcan!uunet!mailrus!ncar!groucho!steve From: steve@groucho.ucar.edu (Steve Emmerson) Newsgroups: sci.space Subject: Re: Techno-welfare Message-ID: <5774@ncar.ucar.edu> Date: 21 Dec 89 21:26:44 GMT References: <1989Dec20.150503.27019@cs.rochester.edu> Sender: news@ncar.ucar.edu Lines: 18 dietz@cs.rochester.edu (Paul Dietz) writes: >Transistors were invented in 1948. ICs were invented in the late >1950's. Early IC development was nurtured by military and NASA >spending, but it isn't clear to me that without NASA ICs wouldn't have >come along anyway at about the same rate -- especially if the >engineering talent that went into NASA had gone into other fields. [Paul asked me to post this reply to the net. I changed the word "most" to "many" ;-). Enjoy.] You might be interested in this anecdote. Two friends of mine worked as consultants on the Apollo project in the '60's (something to do with batteries, I think). I remember them recounting how they were mildly surprised to discover that many of the switching systems on Apollo were electro-mechanical -- not solid-state. --Steve Emmerson steve@unidata.ucar.edu