Path: utzoo!utgpu!jarvis.csri.toronto.edu!cs.utexas.edu!usc!ucla-cs!wales From: wales@valeria.cs.ucla.edu (Rich Wales) Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc Subject: Re: Want to remap ` and ESC keys on XT Keywords: IBM, PC, XT, keyboard, ESC Message-ID: <32645@shemp.CS.UCLA.EDU> Date: 7 Mar 90 19:04:49 GMT References: <1755@borabora.omni.com> <578@massey.ac.nz> <9799@batcomputer.tn.cornell.edu> <16431@well.sf.ca.us> Sender: news@CS.UCLA.EDU Reply-To: wales@CS.UCLA.EDU (Rich Wales) Organization: UCLA CS Department, Los Angeles Lines: 209 Here is a TSR I wrote some time back that switches the ESC, backspace, and `/~ keys on an 84-key keyboard. It works by hooking into the key- stroke interrupt vector (09h) and modifying the BIOS typeahead buffer before any other program has a chance to see what was originally put there by the BIOS' keyboard routine. I wrote this because I was losing my mind trying to cope with the dif- ferences between my clone's keyboard at home and my Sun-3/50's keyboard at school. With this program (and after rearranging the relevant key caps at home), the main set of keys are the same on both keyboards. Load this TSR as early as possible in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. This program doesn't use Int 15h function 4Fh, so it should work on any XT-type machine. On the other hand, it assumes that each keystroke puts at most one entry into the typeahead buffer -- so it won't work with an "extended" keyboard that represents some keys with two buffer entries. Note that the program needs to look at the status of the "shift" keys in order to tell how to map the backspace key (~ if shifted, ` if not). I was unable to figure out any way to address this issue via the keyboard remapping facilities of an ANSI console driver; hence this TSR. I'd welcome any comments on this program. -- Rich Wales // UCLA Computer Science Department 3531 Boelter Hall // Los Angeles, CA 90024-1596 // +1 (213) 825-5683 "I never lie when I've got sand in my shoes, Commodore." %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% begin 644 kb84fix.com MZU<``%!34AZX0`".V(L>'`"<+O\>``$['AP`=#>+%X'Z&P%U!L<'"`[K*8'Z M8"EU!L<'&P'K'8'Z?BET]('Z"`YU$?8&%P`#=0;'!V`IZP3'!WXI'UI;6,\S CP([8H20`+J,``:$F`"ZC`@'ZN`0!HR0`C,BC)@#[NED!S2?' ` end %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ; ====================================================================== ; ; KB84FIX.ASM ; ; (C) Copyright 1990 Richard B. Wales ; May be distributed and used freely, so long as the original ; source is included in any distribution, no charge (other than ; a nominal communications or handling charge) is assessed, and ; this notice is retained intact. ; ; This TSR hooks into Int 9H and switches the BKSP, ESCAPE, and ; Tilde/Grave keys on an 84-key keyboard. It needs to be loaded ; as early as possible -- before any other TSR's that hook into ; the Int 9H vector. ; ; I wrote this program because I wanted the keys on the top row ; of my home "clone" system to be arranged in the same way as on ; the Sun 3/50 workstation I use at school. I pried off the caps ; for the three keys in question; this TSR intercepts the key- ; strokes and makes the keys generate the characters on the caps. ; ; This program should be readily adaptable to other applications ; that need to swap keys (e.g., a Dvorak keyboard mapper) or ; otherwise manipulate the BIOS keystroke buffer. Note, however, ; that I assume each keystroke will result in at most one entry ; being placed in the BIOS buffer; hence, this program would have ; to be modified somewhat to work with an "extended" keyboard. ; ; Assembled using Microsoft Assembler (MASM) version 5.1. After ; assembly and linkage, use EXE2BIN to convert the program into a ; .COM file. ; ; ====================================================================== ; Segment 0000H (interrupt vectors) INTVECS segment at 0000H org 24H int9vec dw ? ; Interrupt vector 09H dw ? INTVECS ends ; Segment 0040H (BIOS data area) BIOSDTA segment at 0040H org 17H kbflags db ? ; Keyboard flags org 1CH buftail dw ? ; Tail pointer (character buffer) BIOSDTA ends ; Shift-key mask for kbflags SHFTMSK equ 03H ; look for left and/or right shift key ; Character codes we are interested in changing ESCAPE equ 011BH ; escape BKSP equ 0E08H ; backspace GRAVE equ 2960H ; grave accent TILDE equ 297EH ; tilde ; ====================================================================== CODESEG segment assume cs:CODESEG, ds:BIOSDTA org 100H ; Buffer to hold address of original system Int 9H ; (will overlay the "jmp" at the start of the program) oldint9 label dword begin: jmp short init ; Will be overlaid by "oldint9" value dw 0 ; ditto ; New Int 9H handler newint9 proc far ; Save the registers we'll be playing with push ax push bx push dx push ds ; Establish the BIOS segment register for accessing BIOS data mov ax, seg BIOSDTA mov ds, ax ; Get the tail pointer to the character buffer mov bx, [buftail] ; Call the original (BIOS) Int 9H routine first, and ; let it put a new character into the circular buffer pushf call [oldint9] ; Did the BIOS routine add a character to the buffer? ; If so, copy it into a register so we can examine it cmp bx, [buftail] je short done mov dx, [bx] ; Check for the four codes of interest, and switch them around ; ESCAPE -> BKSP cmp dx, ESCAPE jne short notesc mov [bx], BKSP jmp short done notesc: ; (GRAVE or TILDE) -> ESCAPE cmp dx, GRAVE jne short notgrv makesc: mov [bx], ESCAPE jmp short done notgrv: cmp dx, TILDE je short makesc ; BKSP -> GRAVE (if unshifted) or TILDE (if shifted) cmp dx, BKSP jne short done test byte ptr kbflags, SHFTMSK jnz short shift mov [bx], GRAVE jmp short done shift: mov [bx], TILDE ; All done. done: pop ds pop dx pop bx pop ax iret newint9 endp ; ====================================================================== ; TSR initialization code init: assume ds:INTVECS ; Establish a zero segment register for interrupt vector area xor ax, ax mov ds, ax ; Save the old Int 9H pointer mov ax, [int9vec] mov word ptr oldint9, ax mov ax, [int9vec+2] mov word ptr oldint9[2], ax ; Hook in the new Int 9H handler cli mov ax, offset newint9 mov [int9vec], ax mov ax, cs mov [int9vec+2], ax sti ; Exit via a TSR call mov dx, offset init int 27H CODESEG ends end begin %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -- Rich Wales // UCLA Computer Science Department 3531 Boelter Hall // Los Angeles, CA 90024-1596 // +1 (213) 825-5683 "Then they hurl heavy objects. . . . And claw at you. . . ."